![]() ![]() The treatment of insomnia mainly includes cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and pharmacotherapy (including BZ and BZRAs, antidepressants, antipsychotics, antihistamines, phytotherapeutic substances, and melatonin). Long-term insomnia greatly affects the daytime function, thereby damaging the memory and attention of the patient ( 2), while increasing the incidence of many common chronic diseases and the risk of comorbidity of neuropsychiatric diseases ( 3, 4). Insomnia is the most common clinical sleep disorder with an increasing prevalence ( 1). Keywords: Acupuncture placebo effect insomnia meta-analysis Moreover, insomnia patients with major depression disorder were not recommended to use only acupuncture treatment. For the selection of sham acupuncture, both methods performed similarly in a clinical setting. The PSG and actigraphy data from acupuncture and the sham did not reveal any significant differences in the sleep structure changes.Ĭonclusions: Acupuncture treatment of insomnia is efficacious, not because of its placebo effect. ![]() In addition, a significant difference was detected in the change of Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores (362 adult patients, 4 trials) between acupuncture and sham acupuncture (P<0.0001). A subgroup of two trials with a total of 141 participants with major depressive disorder did not show any significant reductions in total PSQI scores (P=0.11). A subgroup analysis showed that the selection of sham acupuncture methods did not affect the results of PSQI. Results: Compared to the sham groups, acupuncture significantly decreased the PSQI score (P<0.0001). Then, a subgroup analysis was performed to detect the sources of heterogeneity, identify the selection of sham acupuncture methods and different crowd characteristics, and explore its contributions to the total score change of PSQI. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as the primary outcome measure (911 adult patients, 13 trials) for trials investigating the effects of acupuncture as compared to the sham acupuncture. Thirteen eligible randomized controlled trials of moderate-to-high quality that employed polysomnography (PSG), actigraphy, or self-assessment sleep quality tools were included in the present study. Methods: Four English (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library) and three Chinese (CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang) databases were searched, and the validity of the eligible studies was critically appraised. ![]() To clarify whether acupuncture treatment of insomnia is only due to its placebo effect, a systematic review and a meta-analysis were designed based on the comparison between acupuncture and sham acupuncture. As the underlying mechanism is yet unclear, its efficacy is often considered as placebo effect. Policy of Dealing with Allegations of Research Misconductīackground: Acupuncture is a common alternative therapy for clinical treatment of insomnia.Policy of Screening for Plagiarism Process.Afghanistan, Africa, Albania, American Samoa, Andorra, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Azerbaijan Republic, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Bermuda, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, British Virgin Islands, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Cayman Islands, China, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), Fiji, French Guiana, French Polynesia, Georgia, Gibraltar, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guatemala, Guernsey, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Iceland, Iraq, Jamaica, Jersey, Jordan, Kiribati, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Macedonia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Martinique, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Montserrat, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niue, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Russian Federation, Saint Kitts-Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Serbia, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Svalbard and Jan Mayen, Tajikistan, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkmenistan, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vatican City State, Venezuela, Virgin Islands (U.S.
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